Dog
The dog or domestic dog ( Canis familiaris or Canis lupus familiaris ) is a domesticated descendant of the wolf . The dog is derived from an ancient, extinct wolf , and the modern wolf is the dog's nearest living relative. The dog was the first species to be domesticated, by hunter-gatherers over 15,000 years ago, before the development of agriculture. Due to their long association with humans, dogs have expanded to a large number of domestic individuals and gained the ability to thrive on a starch -rich diet that would be inadequate for other canids . The dog has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes. Dog breeds vary widely in shape, size, and color. They perform many roles for humans, such as hunting , herding , pulling lo...